Shaking-grate



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 1. W. P. HARTHAN.

SHAKING GRATE.

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W/T/VESSES: 6mm Km mwam lzramg (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. P. HARTHAN.

SHAKING GRATE.

No. 389,220,. Patented Sept. 11, 1888.

WITNESSES:

(594M406 K M mam TVARREN P. HARTI-IAN, ()F VVORGESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

SHAKING=GRATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 389,220, datedSeptember 11, 1888.

' Application filed June 11, 1880. Serial No. 204,883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WARREN P. TTARTIIAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Worcester, in the county of W'orcester and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful shaking Grate, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to that well known general class of grates inwhich independent bars supported upon a frame are adapted to re ceive avibratory or oscillatory motion through connection with any suitablemechanism, by means of which motion the fire resting upon the bars isstirred and cleaned.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a perspective view, in part section, showing one form ofapplication of my improvement, the grate in this view having all thebars but one removed. Fig. 2 repre sents a central vertical section ofthe improved grate. Fig. 3 is a plan of the grate alone, all the barsbeing in place; and Figs. 4 and 5 are portions of Fig. 3, intended toillustrate the movement of the bars. Fig. 6 is plan, and Figs. 7, 8, 9,10, and 11 are elevations showing in detail the pivotedjoint of theshaking-lever; and Fig. 12 is an elevation of the dumping device, shownalso in Figs. 1 and 2.

To best illustrate my invention I have chosen to show it as applied to acircular grate adapted to a magazinefceding water-lcg boiler for heatingpurposes, though the invention is equally applicable to grates of anyshape and for any purpose.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and S, A is a circular frame supported withinan ash-pit by the hinge-trunnions A and the chain E. The trunnions restin the socket ends of brackets depending from the cast-iron base-platein such manner that upon letting out the chain the frame A, turning onthe hinge formed by the trunnions, is dropped in front, thus dumping thecontents of the fire-pot in the usual manner. Forming a part of theframe A is a hub, A which is cored out suitably to receive a centerpiece, 0, fitting loosely therein and free to turn axially. This centerpiece has a flange, 0, adapted to support one end of the gratebars B,and also forming a shoulder in contact with the hub A whereby the weightof center piece, bars, and load upon them is sustained.

From the flange of the center piece projects an arm, C", having adownwardly-projecting pin, 0", adapted to engage with the slotted end Dof the shaking-lever D, the motion of which is thus communicated to thecenter piece in the form of axial rotary oscillations.

The grate-bars B, which in this particular case are made double tobetter adapt them to the circular grate, rest upon the circular memberof the frame A at their outer ends, being kept in their relativepositions by the pins A, which are straddled by the fork of the bars.The inner ends of the bars rest upon the flange of the center piece, asaforesaid, and are held in position thereupon by the pins or studs B,formed on the inner ends of the bars,the pins entering correspondingholes, 0, in the flange and fitting loosely therein. The bars thushaving a jointed connection with the center piece must partake of itsmovements when the shaking-lever is operated. The resulting motion ofthe bars may be understood by reference to Figs. 4. and 5, three barsonly being shown as sufficient to illustrate the action of the whole.Fig. 4 represents the position of the bars at the extreme of oscillationin one direction,aud Fig. 5 the opposite extreme, while Fig. 3 showsthem in an intermediate position. Each bar receives a motion compoundedof the cir cular oscillations of the inner end moving with the centerpiece, and the radial travel to and fro of the outer end,controllcd bythe pins A". This peculiar movement of the bars results in severalpractical advantages, which I will point out in detail. A comparison ofthe space between the bars, as in Fig. 3, and as in Figs. 4 and 5, willmake it evident that this space is narrowed as the bars approach thepositions in Figs. 4 and 5,and as these positions are approached thereis an increase in leverage, so that the bars close with increasingforce. It will also appear that the bars have a considerablelongitudinal travel with reference to one another, and that the wholesurface of the grate has a large range of movement as compared with itsarea, not only in a circular direction,but in a radial direction aswell. The result is a most effective and rapid stirring up of the fuelon the grate, not attained in any form of shakinggrate known to me.

opening and closing of the space between the bars adds to the efficiencyof the grate by its The action in breaking up the solid refuse of thefuel, clinker, stones, and whatever is not too large to drop partlybetween the bars, being easily crushed and dropped through the leverageas proportioned in practice,heing ample to accomplish this result.

The compound motion of the grate'surface by which the fuel is not onlymoved back and forth circumferentially over a large proportionatedistance, but is at the same time sub jected to a violent shaking to andfrom the center,together with the nut-cracker action of the bars inopening and closing the space between them. These two features combinedconstitute the essence of my invention.

' In the particular application of this grate which l have shown theclearing effect on the fire is increased by the construction seen tobest advantage in Fig. 2, where the bars are arranged in the shape of afiat cone, and are made with serrated faces, the result being that suchrefuse as does not pass immediately through the grate when it is shakenis moved toward the periphery by the combined action v of gravity andthe radial motion. of the bars, .assisted by the direction of thesaw-teeth on the face of the bars. All refuse which neither goes throughbetween the bars nor is caught and crushed by the open-and-shut actionis forced to the outer edge of the grate,and there, if it be too largeto pass through the annular space between the surface of the grate andthe ledge P of the base-casting P, (shown in Fig. 2,) it will bearrested by the ledge and forcibly acted on by the teeth on the barsmoving radially back and forth, and at the same time circumferentiallyrolling, grinding, and rasping the resisting object until it is enoughreduced in size to drop through into the ash-pit.

It will be noticed that as the bars move outward, approaching theintermediate position shown in Fig. 3,the leverage increases rapidly,

. a toggle being formed by the bar and the center piece, so that theoutward thrust of the bar is practically irresistable with the leveragegiven to the shaking arrangement as usually made. The practicaloperation is that the most refractory cliukers and stones usuallyfoundin fuel are broken up and passed through this grate. So thoroughand powerful is its action in clearing the fire and passing all refusethrough into the ash-pit that a fire may be run continuously with lesslabor than has been the case heretofore, all use of the poker and needof dumping being done away with.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the center piece, 0, is surmounted by a cup,0 the purpose of which is to protect the broad surface of the flangefrom the action of the fire by means of the ashes, with which it remainsfilled. Further protection may be had by surmounting the center piecewith a fire-clay cone, F, Fig. 2, which may be secured to the centerpiece by a through-bolt, as shown. The cone not only serves to protectthe center piece and the ends of the grate, but it may act as adeflector to throw the fuel outwardly against the heatingsurface whenused with the type of boiler shown, increasing the heating economy bycausing the fuel to be burned nearer the heating-surface, utilizing moreradiant heat, and

preventing that loss which results from more or less incompletecombustion of the central mass of fuel in a magazine-fed fire.

The third object of my invention is to so pivot the lever giving motionto the grate that there shall no aperture be left in the wall or casingof the ash-pit where the lever passes through, admitting air, when notwanted, and allowing ashes to escape when shakingthe grate. As anecessityof usual constructions in this line, the'pin upon which thelever pivots must be either upon one side or the other of the ash-pitwall in order to insert or withdraw the pin. Consequently the'movementof thelever necessitates a slot in the wall considerably longer than thewidth of the lever, leaving the opening referred to. To avoid this Ilocate the pivot-pin within the thickness of the wall, and my inventionprovides a simple form of construction for this purpose, the result of'such location and construction being that the lever may be operated ina slot practically no larger than the cross-section of thelever,therefore leaving no aperture. If the lever be enlarged, as shown inFig. 6, it is obvious that the lever may completely fill the slot,making a perfectly dust and draft tight fit.

The pin is formedas shown in enlarged view, Fig. 11, and the aperture inthe ash-pit wall as shown by Fig. 8. The lever with the pin in the holeis putin position, the pin being as in Fig. 9. Then the pin is droppeddown to the position shown in Fig. 10, the forked end formed by the slotHstraddling the thickness of the ash-pit wall, and the body of the pinfitting into that part of the aperture marked L The lower end of the pinisthus secure against pressure in any direction, and it cannot bereleased except by lifting" into the position in which it was inserted.To guard against this, the space in the aperture L left by the pin indropping down is filled by a bolt, N, Figs. 7 and 10, which not onlyserves to keep the pin down, but secures the upper end of the pin in twodirections, it being otherwise held by filling the aperture in theash-pit wall. It is evident that the pin is thus immovably held, andthat the moving of the lever does not open any aperture. The bolt N isshown. with washers N, which may be used to cover the aperture over thepin where the bolt might not fill.

The fourth object of the invention is attained by the means illustratedin Fig. 12 and also in Figs. 1 and 2. It consists, essentially, of aflexible connector between one side of a hinged grate and a drum uponwhich the connector may be wound, the drum having a handle for turningit and some means of securing it in any desired position. In the caseshown the connector is a chain, E, taking hold of a ing on thegrate-frame, the other end of the chain being made fast to and wrappingpartly around the drum E. This drum turns on an axle supported in aframe, E", secured to the base-plate of the heater. A hand-lever, E,fitting a socket, E, formed on the side of the drum, affords a readymeans of turning the drum through a limited are, as shown by dottedlines. The drum is pre vented from turning under the weight of the grateby thrusting a pin through one of the series of holes E which pin comesto a hearing against the stand E. W'ithout further description, it isevident that the grate can be raised and lowered by the hand-lever andsustained in any intermediate position for which a hole in the drum isprovided. The advantages of this improvement are the extreme case andconvenience with which even the heaviest grates can be raised andlowered, and the facility with which one can be lowered to any degreefor cleaning purposes when the fire is not to be extinguished.

Having thus described my invention, I claim-- 1. A grate consisting ofthe frame A, a memher, 0, movable on said frame, a set of bars, B,pivoted in their inner ends to the member G and supported in their outerends on the frame A, and a shaking-lever, D, connected to the member 0,for actuating it and the bars B, all arranged and combined substantiallyin a manner and for the purpose as specified.

2. In a grate, the combination of frame A, provided with hub A, centerpiece, 0, provided with perforated flange C, grate-bars B, provided withstuds B, by means of which their inner ends are pivoted to flange 0,while their outer ends rest on frame A, and lever D, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a grate, the combination of frame A, provided with hub A, centerpiece, 0, provided with perforated flange 0, having the arm C' and pin0, grate-bars B, provided with studs B, by means of which their innerends are pivoted to flange 0, while their outer ends rest on frame A,and lever D, having the slot D, substantially as described.

4. In a grate, the combination of frame A, provided with hub A and guidepins or projections A, center piece, 0, provided with perforated flangeC, grate-bars B, provided with studs B, by means of which their innerends are pivoted to flange C, while their outer ends rest on frame A,and lever D, substantially as described.

5. The combination of member C, provided with cup 0 at its upper end.cone F, and bolt F, substantially as described.

6. In a grate, the combination of frame A, provided with hub A", centerpiece, 0, provided with perforated flange O, grate-bars B, provided withstuds B, by means of which their inner ends are pivoted to flange C,while their outer ends rest on frame A, the annular ledge I on the base1 above the grate-bars, and the lever I), substantially as described.

WARREN I. IIARTHAN.

\Vitnesses:

EDWARD K. HILL, L'INooLN HOLLAND.

